It is a unique base that dissolves in water without undergoing any chemical reaction. What is baking soda? If you are given blue litmus paper only, how will you identify the contents of each test tube? (a) What is the common name of the compound CaOCl2? That is, a solution having low concentration of hydrogen ions has a higher pH value. (c) Plaster of Paris has the property of setting into hard mass after wetting. (c) Someone put some universal indicator paper into vinegar. (b) How is tooth decay related to pH? WebHydroxide Acid Sulphate. When plaster of Paris is mixed with water, it forms gypsum which is calcium sulphate dehydrate. As vinegar is an acid it doesnt cure the effect of bee sting. pH is 1 as the pH decreases by 7 the solution become more acid and the hydrogen ion concentration increases. Thus, A will have pH more than 7 because pH value of. (c) Write two important uses of bleaching powder. (c) Water is a neutral substance. Wasp sting injects alkaline liquid so baking soda does not make any changes while used. 31. iii. Washing soda is produced from sodium chloride, Step 1: A cold and concentrated solution of sodium chloride called brine is reacted with ammonia and carbon dioxide to obtain sodium hydrogencarbonate, Step 2: Sodium hydrogencarbonate formed is separated by filtration dried and heated. 48. Eu2+, and Yb2+ ions in solutions are good reducing agents but an aqueous solution of Ce4+ is a good oxidizing agent? With examples. The acid produce naturally in our stomach is : Option (c) is the answer. (a) Explain why the pH in a persons mouth becomes lower after each meal. 51. This is: 66. Used in the production of bleaching powder. What is the common name of (a) NaHCO3and (b) Na2CO3.10H2O, (a) Baking soda, which is used as a base to neutralize acid. Questions Based on Higher Order Thinking Skills. (a)Why do acids not show acidic behaviour in the absence of water? Also list two other uses of the compound. PDF Ionic or Chemical Formula Name Covalent namingformulas - Write the formula for these compounds Barium hypochlorite is a chemical compound with the formula Ba(ClO)2. 28. The most likely pH of the solution will be: Option (c) is the answer. The table below shows the colour changes of some Mention its one use. 37. Bacteria present in the mouth produce acids by the degradation of sugar and food particles remaining in the mouth after eating. This table is about the effect of aqueous sodium hydroxide and aqueous ammonia on cations. (c) What colour does the turmeric paper turn when put in an alkaline solution? The colour of methyl orange indicator in a solution is yellow. 2NaCl(aq) + 2H2O (l) 2NaOH (aq) + Cl2 (g) + H2 (g). How can the effect of these stings be neutralised? (c) Explain the action of baking powder in the making of cake (or bread). The pH is 3. (d) Write the names, formulae and colours of any two hydrated salts. It is a mixture of several indicators. It also used as mouth wash and many other household uses are there. (c) State some of the uses of mineral acids in industry. Gravimetric titrimetry. WebExplain why an aqueous solution of sodium sulphate is neutral while an aqueous solution of sodium carbonate is basic in nature. Mainly three concepts are there for acids and bases they are Lewis concept, Arrhenius concept and Bronsted-Lowry concept. Following a bumpy launch week that saw frequent server trouble and bloated player queues, Blizzard has announced that over 25 million Overwatch 2 players have logged on in its first 10 days. (e) State a peculiar (or remarkable) property of plaster of Paris. 31. "Sinc This involves measuring mass of reagent that reacts completely with the sample. (a) What is gypsum ? Answer: (ii) The aqueous solutions of glucose and alcohol do not show acidic character because their hydrogen does not separate out as hydrogen ions [H+ (aq) ions] on dissolving in water. Give reason for your answer. 15. Olfactory indicators are those smell or odour changes when it is mixed in an acidic or basic solution. Write chemical equations of the reactions involved. Example, NH, The salts of weak acids and strong bases give basic solution having pH more than 7. If the pH in the mouth is below 5.5 it causes acidity and tooth decay starts. 44. A white shirt has a yellow stain of curry. Give equation of the chemical equation which takes place. What colour will full range universal indicator turn if it is added to this beaker? A salt is dissolved in water and the pH of this salt solution is measured with a universal indicator paper. Moreover, Rhizobium colonies do not take up the colour of congo red dye added in the Wasp stings inject alkaline solution to the skin which causes pain and irritation. Aqueous solution of sugar is neutral and will have pH of 7, (c) Universal indicator shows a greenish yellow colour at pH 6 and Orange yellow at pH 5. For a neutral solution pH is always 7. Such reaction is called Neutralisation reaction. On rinsing the shirt with plenty of water , the reddish-brown stain turns yellow again. Explain with the help of an equation. Washing soda is a basic salt. And many other compounds. pH value of 8 which is greater than 7 indicates the reaction is basic so Y is basic. Baking soda is produced in large scale by reacting a cold and concentrated solution of sodium chloride called brine with ammonia and carbon dioxide. (i) dry HCl gas does not change the colour of the dry blue litmus paper. (2015) The daffodil plant grow best in soil having a pH range of 6.0 to6.5. Name the indicator which can give us an idea of how strong or weak an acid or base is. Metal carbonate + acid salt + carbon dioxide + water. Give its any one use. If the solution is having pH lesser than 7 it is acidic and here the solution has pH 5 thus they turn litmus blue to red. Write one industrial use of each. State the number of water molecules present in crystals of washing soda and plaster of paris. When an acid solution is diluted with water then concentration of (H3O+) ions gets decreased. When a solution is added to vanilla extract, then the characteristic smell of vanilla cannot be detected. iii. Washing soda and baking soda is different. The salt whose aqueous solution will turn blue litmus to red is: 60.The aqueous solution of one of the following salt will turn red litmus to blue. Explain by taking the example of hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide. (2014) (a) You are given two solutions A and B. What happens when an acid reacts with a base? When same concentration of HCl and acetic acid are taken then these two produce different amounts of hydrogen ions. The only remedy we can take is by having antacids which are weak bases and neutralizes the excess acid formed in our stomach. The indicator which produces a pink colour in an alkaline solution: Option (c) is the answer. (b) Write the balanced chemical equation of Chlor-alkali process. 9. You have been provided with three test-tubes. Write equations of the reactions involved. Acid-base chemistry is applicable both in a laboratory and as well as in biological level, that means acids are present in the human body also. Question 9. What does this reaction tell us about the nature of non-metal oxides? Which of the two solutions has more hydrogen ion concentration and which one is more acidic? Another possibility is the molecular autoionization reaction between two water molecules, in which one water molecule acts as an acid and another as a base. It is a sodium salt. How was this salt mined? (b) Name a non-metal which exists as a liquid at room temperature. 26. (a) When zinc granules are heated with sodium hydroxide solution, hydrogen gas is formed with sodium zincate salt, (b) When base reacts with oxides, salt and water is formed, This reaction shows that non-metal oxides are acidic in nature. (a) Name a lustrous non-metal. 47. (b) Bleaching powder is a calcium compound which is used for disinfecting drinking water supply. While diluting an acid, why is it recommended that the acid should be added to water and not water to the acid? 45. minerals 0.3% magnesium chloride 2 Add several drops of Universal Indicator to each 0.2% magnesium sulfate 100 dm3 0.1% calcium sulfate so that the colour is clearly visible. 49. Solution A turns universal indicator blue to purple whereas solution B turns universal indicator orange to red. Hence, solution A will have less concentration of hydrogen ion than B. Name one animal and one plant whose stings contain formic acid (or methanoic acid), Animal sting containing Formic acid : Ants, Plant sting containing Formic acid : Nettle leaf sting. Sodium carbonate Na 2 CO 3. This is because more heat is required to vaporize the impure solution. (a) Define a universal indicator. Option (c) is the answer. Cl2 gas is given off at the anode and H2 gas at the cathode while sodium hydroxide solution is formed near the cathode. (a) If heating is not controlled while preparing Plaster of Paris, then all the water of crystallisation of gypsum is eliminated and it turns into a dead burnt plaster. (a) X is zinc metal and Y is hydrogen gas which makes a pop sound, Zinc reacts with hydrochloric acid to give zinc chloride and hydrogen gas is liberated. Indicators are added to the solution mixtures to produce an observable physical change at the end-point or near equivalence point ii. This indicates the solution is basic and indicator turns to yellow. 39. (a) Solution A turnsuniversal indicator blue to purple so it is basic in nature and will turnlitmus blue. But rainwater is not the pure form thus it contains impurities and therefore conducts electricity. (b) What happens when bases react with non-metal oxides? (a) What is the common name of sodium hydrogencarbonate? (b) Solution A gives pink colour when a drop of phenolphthalein indicator is added to it. pH greater than 7 always indicate the solution is basic. Two solutions A and B have pH values of 5 and 8 respectively. As per the pH scale it has been divided the pH into 3. Tartaric acid is present in baking powder, which is a mixture of tartaric acid and sodium hydrogen carbonate. (c) For neutral substance like water The pH value will be always 7. Used in the processing of leather, purification of common salt etc. (b) What happens when carbon dioxide gas is passed through lime water? (a) Copper sulphate crystals when heated strong it loses the water and the blue colour will turn to white. Bring a burning candle near hydrogen gas-filled bubble. They are non-lustrous, non-sonorous, non-malleable and are coloured. (a) What is bleaching powder? (b) Compounds such as alcohol and glucose also contain hydrogen but are not categorized as acids. 51. Write equation of the reaction which takes place. Name a calcium compound which hardens on wetting with water. What happens if there is an excess of acid in the stomach? 54. (a) The pH of pure water is 7 as it is neutral substance, (b) A universal indicator shows a green colour in an aqueous solution of sugar. 1. Phenolphthalein is used as an indicator in acid-base titrations and it turns colourless in acidic solutions and turns into pink in basic solutions. (a) Plaster of Paris is called calcium sulphate hemihydrate which is a hard substance made by the addition of water and gypsum. (a) Write the name given to bases that are highly soluble in water? WebUse data from Example 13-5 to determine the partial pressure of O2 above an aqueous solution at 0 C known to contain 5.00 mg O2 per 100.0 ml of solution. When sodium hydroxide and hydrochloric reacts each other, sodium chloride and water is formed. Question 4. Explain with an example. (c) Why does bee sting cause pain and irritation? 23. It can be treated with the chemicals such as calcium oxide or calcium hydroxide which are bases and commonly called quick lime and slaked lime. (a) Indigestion is due to the production of excess hydrochloric acid in the stomach caused due to over eating. 56. Name the gas which is usually produced when dil. (a), (b) When electricity is passed through an aqueous solution of sodium chloride (called brine), it decomposes to form sodium hydroxide. Sodium chloride is much required our body because for the working of nervous system, muscle movements and also for the production of hydrochloric acid. (b) The following salts are formed by the reaction of an acid with a base: 11. Solved the very best collection of Acids, Bases and Salts Class 10 Science Important Questions and Answers Chapter 2 Pdf from the latest NCERT edition books, It will help you in scoring more marks in CBSE Exams. CaO+H2O Ca(OH)2 (basic solution) CO2 + H2OH2 CO3 (acidic solution) 30. (i) as an antacid (a)What happens when dilute hydrochloric acid is added to sodium carbonate? FeO = 1 atom iron(Fe), 1 atom oxygen(O). Web EO values for the redox couple M3+/M2+ shows that Mn3+ and Co3+ ions are the strongest oxidising agents in aqueous solutions. pH greater than 7 is considered as basic and lesser than 7 can be considered as acid. Classify the following into strong bases and weak bases: Strong bases are those which ionize in water completely and produces large amount of hydroxide ions. (iii) Cone, of H3O+ ion is affected when a solution of an acid is diluted. On the other hand, carbonic acid is a weak acid which is only slightly ionised and hence gives a small amount of hydrogen ions [H+ (aq)]. (c) Sodium hydroxide is formed near the cathode. FeO = 1 atom iron(Fe), 1 atom oxygen(O). (a) What happens when zinc granules are heated with sodium hydroxide solution? When hydrogen and chlorine react with each other, hydrochloric acid is formed. Question 3. (iv) Nitric acid is used to make fertilizers. (ii) Our stomach and intestines work in a specific pH range. Stomach acts in slightly acidic medium while small intestine digests the food in slightly alkaline medium. WebUse data from Example 13-5 to determine the partial pressure of O2 above an aqueous solution at 0 C known to contain 5.00 mg O2 per 100.0 ml of solution. Which of the two soils, A or B, should be treated with powdered chalk to adjust its pH and why? (2017D) Write balanced equation of the reaction involved. What is its remedy? For what purpose is it used? Glucose and alcohol does not dissociate in aqueous solution even though they contains hydrogen atoms. 22. What is the role of substance X in the baking powder? It helps to remove stains in clothes. Which of the solutions is a stronger acid? (a) What would you expect the pH of pure water to be? (ii) when a base (or alkali) is dissolved in water? Moreover, Rhizobium colonies do not take up the colour of congo red dye added in the If the gas burns with a pop sound then it can be concluded that it is hydrogen. Question 3. Write a balanced equation for the chemical reaction which takes place. (c) Acids produce_______ions on dissolving in water. Magnesium, Carbon, Sulphur, Hydrogen, copper. (a) Methanoic acid is injected into the skin of a person during ants sting. minerals 0.3% magnesium chloride 2 Add several drops of Universal Indicator to each 0.2% magnesium sulfate 100 dm3 0.1% calcium sulfate so that the colour is clearly visible. WebThe water molecule is amphoteric in aqueous solution. The soil to become acidic it should be less than pH 7 and thus soil will be treated with bases like quick lime, slaked lime. Here it is clear that pH of 11 will be more basic than the solution of pH 8. (b) Hydrogen gas is produced at the cathode that is negative electrode. Write the chemical name of baking soda. Use data from Example 13-5 to determine the partial pressure of O2 above an aqueous solution at 0 C known to contain 5.00 mg O2 per 100.0 ml of solution. Write the chemical formula of (i) soda ash and (ii) sodium carbonate decahydrate. Solution B: pH = 8 Also name the acids and bases from which these salts may be obtained. Sodium chloride is used as preservatives in pickles and in curing meat and fish. 35. What is the chemical formula of (a) baking soda, and (b) washing soda, (a) Chemical formula of baking soda is NaHCO3 which is a base, (b) Chemical formula of washing soda is Na2CO3. (b) When a solution becomes more acidic, does the pH get higher or lower? However, copper, sulfur, gold, silver, and a few others occur as single "native" elements. Name a sodium compound which is a constituent of many dry soap powders. (b) dilute hydrochloric acid reacts with magnesium ribbon. Which acid is produced in our stomach? Here substance X is Sodium hydrogen carbonate and Y is carbon dioxide gas, NaHCO3(s) + HCl NaCl(aq) + CO2(g) + H2O(l). Use: Washing soda is used for softening hard water. PDF Ionic or Chemical Formula Name Covalent namingformulas - Write the formula for these compounds Barium hypochlorite is a chemical compound with the formula Ba(ClO)2. (c) What colour does phenolphthalein indicator turn when added to an alkali (such as sodium hydroxide)? This can be prevented by cleaning the mouth and teeth using toothpaste which are generally basic and can neutralize the excess acid. 33. On the basis of the chemical property of compounds, it has been divided into three groups. Explain with the help of an example. 21. Dilute hydrochloric acid is produced in our stomach due to the digestion. The given solution will be base because when a basic solution is added to vanilla it completely destroys the characteristic smell of vanilla and when in acidic solution it does not change. 7. Under what soil conditions do you think a farmer would treat the soil of his fields with quicklime (calcium oxide), or slaked lime (calcium hydroxide) or chalk (calcium carbonate)? (b) Write the chemical equation of the reaction of metal X with (i) Hydrochloric acid, and (ii) Sodium hydroxide solution. Name the raw material used for production of caustic soda. (b) Chemical formula of two such compounds whose one formula unit is associated with 10 and 2 water molecules respectively. What is common in all the water soluble bases (or alkalis)? (b) Why does dry HCl gas not change the colour of dry litmus paper? (2014) (a) Baking soda is the common name of sodium hydrogencarbonate, (b) When a solution of sodium hydrogencarbonate is heated, then it decomposes to give sodium carbonate with an evolution of carbon dioxide gas, (c) Sodium hydrogencarbonate is used as an antacid because the function of antacid is neutralizing the excess acid present in the stomach and helps to get relief from indigestion. (c) How could the person change his eating habits to lessen chances of suffering from tooth decay? Washing soda is used in the glass, soap and paper industries. 19. The aqueous solution of one of the following salt will turn phenolphthalein indicator pink. spherical porous basic magnesium carbonate (Mg5(CO3)4(OH)2.4H2O) has been prepared by using ammonium bicarbonate and magnesium chloride hexahydrate as raw materials. Both are having pH less than 7 which indicates acidic oxides. Give two examples of each. 8. Solution X turns orange whereas solution Y turns red. Give equations of the reactions. CBSE Maths notes, CBSE physics notes, CBSE chemistry notes. 60. iii. 1/4 H2O. If the pH of the soil is 4.5 it indicates the soil is acidic and the soil should be treated with a base like quick lime or slaked lime it further neutralizes the acid. What is its remedy? 42. How will you test for the gas which is liberated when hydrochloric acid reacts with an active metal? There is a presence of water in the molecule. (a) Common salt is obtained from sear water by the process of . Thus we can conclude that the blue colour is due to water of crystallization, (c) Take a drop of the liquid which to be tested and add to white anhydrous copper sulphate powder. Antacids are bases that neutralises the acid inside the stomach and prevent from pain and discomfort. A solution reacts with zinc granules to give a gas which burns with a pop sound. Name the reactant and the product and mention one use of the product. Name the substance and write its chemical formula. Curds and other sour foods stuffs are acidic in nature. State reason for the following: (2014) One of the following is a medicine for indigestion. Its pH is likely to be: Option (d) is the answer. Question 8. (a) Do basic solutions also have H+(aq) ions? (c) Sodium carbonate is the metal compound which has detergent and cleansing property, (d) Bleaching powder or calcium oxychloride ( CaOCl2) is used for removing the colour. 34. The animals living in water feels more difficulty in living in water having low pH. 5. It turns blue to red when the same litmus paper dipped in the solution containing acidic solution and the third test tube will have no change or effect as it is basic solution. What is this process called? (d) dilute hydrochloric acid reacts with iron filings. Common name for water soluble bases are called alkalis. (b) How are sodium hydroxide and Cl2 (Chlorine) gas produced from common salt. Aqueous solution of sodium sulphate gets hydrolysed to form sodium hydroxide and sulphuric acid which are strong base and strong acid respectively. Thus the strength of the acid decreases. Name three chemicals made from common salt or sodium chloride. Here the acids in the increasing order of their strengths are A

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