$24.99 AM18550. I am going to analyze and signify key details between the two poems The Tyger and The Lamb. I shall tell you of how the author views his work. review, combined with the _____ accorded to the column, might be construed **a**. William Blake, a Romantic poet of the late 1700s and early 1800s, often wrote poems inspired by nature and his unique religious perspective. The rookie pitcher *bewildered* the majority of batters with his fast ball. Save over 50% with a SparkNotes PLUS Annual Plan! He feels that the fire in his eyes came from a distant heavenly body such as hell/ heaven. The bones in each of the tiger's feet are tightly connected by ligaments enabling them to buffer the impact of landing from running, pouncing and leaping. Thanks for creating a SparkNotes account! By referring to the tigers fearsome nature throughout the piece, Blake is, in turn, referring to the darker sides of life itself. Its body is designed in a manner that presents it as a ferocious creature. In Gods eye his son is lamb. and measure about 3.3 m. (10.9 ft) in length. A shape with lion body and the head of a man, A gaze blank and pitiless as the sun, Is moving its slow thighs, while all about it. Blake chooses this word to add a layer of exotic and archaic flavor to his poem. What is the question asked in "The Lamb"? The point is, the Tyger is important, and Blake's poem barely limits the possibilities. For unknown reasons, white tigers seem to grow bigger and at a faster rate than their orange counterparts. This answer has been confirmed as correct and helpful. These poems complement each other to produce a fuller account than either offers independently. Females are smaller, weighing about 115 kg (250 lbs.) The theme of the work is Whitman and Blake both use animals to symbolize humankinds experience of Nature. In addition, the lines 'I a child, and thou a lamb/We are called by his name' show even more of the religious theme. Yet by answering his own question, the child converts it into a rhetorical one, thus counteracting the initial spontaneous sense of the poem. for a group? In these contrasting poems he shows symbols of what he calls "the two contrary states of the human soul" (Shilstone 1). an adult. burning bright In the forests of the night, What immortal hand or eye Dare frame thy fearful symmetry? The poet wonders how the creator would have felt after completing his creation. The lamb and The tyger Answer. Comparative research in literature focuses on comparisons between two or more subjects. Tigers are capable of penetrating deeply into their prey because of the large gap between the carnassials (back teeth) and the canines hold prey tightly. TO CANCEL YOUR SUBSCRIPTION AND AVOID BEING CHARGED, YOU MUST CANCEL BEFORE THE END OF THE FREE TRIAL PERIOD. Great poems often reflect upon moments of powerful emotion. Tyger Tyger, burning bright. In it, Blake speaks directly to a lamb, playing on the animal representation for the Lord Jesus Christ. Blake compares the lamb to Jesus, the Lamb of God. Understanding the similarities and differences of his poems can decrypt a message between the two. William Blake is slowly coming to the point of his argument God. creating and saving your own notes as you read. The poem, at times, is all about questions to the divine, with at least thirteen different questions asked in the poems entirety. (b) What might Ithaca symbolize in this poem? a child - child represents christ- innocence / sacrificial. The hair of the tiger provides camouflage, warmth and protection for them. Blake asks whether God, who created Jesus, also created the Tyger. Thesis Statement: The Lamb written by William Blake is a beautiful spiritually enriched poem that expresses Gods sovereignity, His love for creation and His gentleness in care and provisions for those that are His . The hind legs of the tiger are longer than their front legs. = 45/20 The two states serve as different ways of seeing. The tyger. Little Lamb, God Bless thee! Members will be prompted to log in or create an account to redeem their group membership. Which of the following express Wordsworth's central aims in composing his poetry? The theme of this poem surrounds this idea of why the same creator would create both a destructive and gentle animal. The justekst\underline{\phantom{\text{justekst}}}justekst is the difference in value between what a nation imports and what it exports. John Donne -- Accardi Review Questions. to start your free trial of SparkNotes Plus. As a result, the poet starts off with poetic allusions, entirely open-ended for the reader to perceive as he pleases. Therefore tigers and other carnivores have small and light weight stomachs that do not hinder them when they are accelerating quickly to chase prey. Hardly are those words out. following, the chef hoped that the waiters refrained from the ____ _ Little Lamb, God Bless thee! from his poem The Lamb. and measure about 2.6 meters (8.5 ft) in length. equivocated I might as well make the first move; I would wave and then, from his voice, his first remarks, I would try to guess his identity. The poet presents the main point that the creature reflects its creator. Tigers have distinctive white circular spots on the backside of their ears. Tyger! The poem ends with the child bestowing a blessing on the lamb. A great portion. beautydanger from thornssweetness of smellfreshnessthat roses are fragile Additionally, Blake employs the words "fearful" (4), "dread" (12,15), and "deadly terrors" (16) to convey the emotions the tiger evokes. The Tyger is a well-known poem by William Blake. Naturally, I had never met him in my life, nor he me. chef had run the restaurant for twenty-eight years; he was certainly not a[n] worried about the fate of the business. We were now only a few feet from each other, I was just about to break into a broad, radiant smile, when suddenly I recognized him. nuance The lamb was given, Creating Blakes Tyger 57 terms. It's not. The question (who made thee?) is a simple one, and yet the child is also tapping into the deep and timeless questions that all human beings have, about their own origins and the nature of creation. Blakes poems firmly explore the comparisons and differences in both old age and infancy, expressing the importance of human growth by alluding to the correlation between human life and the renaissance of nature. SparkNotes Plus subscription is $4.99/month or $24.99/year as selected above. Then, the child declares that he will tell the lamb who their creator is. and are about 2.3 m (7.5 ft) in length. Example 1. The speaker is afraid by looking at this symmetry in the tiger. The lamb can dually mean the lamb of god or lamb from his poem The Lamb. The former is an open reference to Jesus Christ (the Lamb of God), sent by God on earth to atone for the sins of humanity. (a) According to the speaker, why is Ithaca important? Tigers are the only large cat species to have distinctive striping located on both the hair and skin of the tiger. In comparative re-search, an artist most of the time studies literature across national borders, time periods, languages, genres, etc., between the two subjects. Lets get started shall we. A positive However, it can also be easily argued that Blake is not an ordinary, churchgoing Christian. The last stanza is the repetition of the first as a chorus. Accessed 1 March 2023. She has a bachelor's degree in psychology and has earned her teaching license. The speaker wonders if the tiger's creator . An error occurred trying to load this video. We respond to all comments too, giving you the answers you need. Blake describes the Lord Jesus Christ as the creator of the lamb. The Lamb Meaning Poem: 'The Lamb' by William Blake has published in his 1789 collection The Songs of Innocence. The Lamb is a short poem written by William Black, an english poet and writer who lived from 1757 to 1827, a lot of his works were written near the start of the romantic period. How? The poets fascination with the Tyger increases as he seems mesmerized by his fiery eyes. In his later years, he turned more and more towards religion, seeing the bible as the ultimate reference to all that is good and evil. = 2 1/4. Get Annual Plans at a discount when you buy 2 or more! and are about 2.5 m (8 ft) in length. Songs of Experience was written in opposition to Songs of Innocence, key components in Blakes thought process, being a radical thinker of his time. : Overview of 'In Memoriam' Stanzas, Percy Shelley's Ozymandias: Analysis and Themes, Ode to the West Wind by Shelley: Analysis and Summary, Ode on a Grecian Urn by Keats: Analysis and Summary, On First Looking into Chapman's Homer: Poem by John Keats, Lines Composed a Few Miles Above Tintern Abbey by Wordsworth, William Blake: Poems, Quotes and Biography, Introduction to Romantic Poetry: Overview of Authors and Works, Samuel Taylor Coleridge: Poems and Biography, Rime of the Ancient Mariner: Summary and Analysis, Kubla Khan by Coleridge: Analysis and Summary, Byron's Don Juan: Summary, Quotes and Analysis, Introduction to Edmund Spenser: The Faerie Queene and Sonnets, The Lamb by William Blake: Summary, Theme & Poem Analysis, Doggerel in Poetry: Definition & Examples, Hell in Paradise Lost: Description & Concept, Milton's Il Penseroso: Summary & Analysis, Oliver Goldsmith: Biography, Poems & Books, The Kraken by Tennyson: Analysis & Overview, The Passionate Shepherd to His Love: Summary, Theme & Analysis, British Plays for 12th Grade: Homework Help, Works by African American Writers: Homework Help, American Prose for 12th Grade: Homework Help, American Drama for 12th Grade: Homework Help, Literary Terms for 12th Grade: Homework Help, Essay Writing for 12th Grade: Homework Help, Conventions in Writing: Usage: Homework Help, Linking Texts and Media for 12th Grade: Homework Help, AP English Literature: Homework Help Resource, English 103: Analyzing and Interpreting Literature, Common Core ELA - Literature Grades 9-10: Standards, Common Core ELA - Writing Grades 9-10: Standards, Common Core ELA - Language Grades 9-10: Standards, AP English Language: Homeschool Curriculum, NMTA Essential Academic Skills Subtest Writing (002): Practice & Study Guide, The Facts in the Case of M. Valdemar: Summary & Analysis, The Hop Frog by Edgar Allan Poe: Characters & Setting, Al Aaraaf by Edgar Allan Poe: Summary & Analysis, The City in the Sea by Edgar Allan Poe: Summary & Analysis, Lenore by Edgar Allan Poe: Summary & Meaning, Tamerlane by Edgar Allan Poe: Summary & Analysis, Margaret Fuller: A New American Life - Summary, A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur's Court - Summary & Analysis, The Innocents Abroad by Mark Twain: Themes & Analysis, Working Scholars Bringing Tuition-Free College to the Community, Discuss the imagery and style of the poem. William Blake engages with the theme that all living entities must reflect their creator in some manner in The Tyger. The opening verses slowly lead to the poems primary objective: contemplating God in the heavens above. Author William Blake blew a drift into his palm, and spread it across the paper. As for God, his creations are just beautiful and transcend the notions of good-evil. These first lines set up to whom the poem is addressed: the "Tyger." It begins with the repetition of the name ("Tyger, tyger"). A few months ago, as I was strolling in New York, I saw, at a distance, a man I knew very well heading in my direction. In adding this line, Blake clearly shows how the two poems are related. As a member, you'll also get unlimited access to over 84,000 This poem was published in 1794 and it rose to notoriety in the Romantic era. The stripe patterning on top of the tiger's head resembles the Chinese character of "wang" which means "king.". The first stanza focuses on the question of who created the animal and the second contains the answer. Through this reference, the poet clarifies that God, with his diplomatic hands, symmetrically framed his creation long before the advent of humankind. The contrast between the two poems is much easier to immediately realize . The Tyger is an extension of the same theme, representing two diverse perspectives of the human world. The flowing ls and soft vowel sounds contribute to this effect, and also suggest the bleating of a lamb or the lisping character of a childs chant. Then, respond to the question that follow. He is both the protector and the perisher. However, as we start reading, it becomes clear pretty quickly that this isn't just any tiger. 'The Lamb,' by William Blake was a poem that depicted the innocence and purity of childhood before the disillusion of adulthood set in. **b**. 'The Lamb' is a short poem written by William Blake, an English poet who lived from 1757 to 1827 and wrote at the beginning of the Romantic movement. When the two . Though Blakes genius was generally dismissed by the public of his own era and he died with little acclaim, he has since been regarded as one of the greatest figures of the Romantic Movement. Blake's "The Tyger" is a famous poem that explores the duality between the lamb and the tiger to represent the nurturing side and the violent side of God. Literature of a nation is the mirror of the land. The poet furthermore creates a more supernatural image using the words hand, wings, and fire, relating to the divine being. 2.19.20.11.10. Walt Whitman was an American poet, publicist and reformer of the American poetry. For example, burning bright in line one and frame and fearful in line 4 of the first stanza. This also reflects the nature of God. The Lamb has two stanzas, each containing five rhymed couplets. How does Chaucer characterize the Knight in The Canterbury Tales? On page 14 of The Call of the Wild, what's meant by the phrase "The _____ is defined as to lose or give up hope that things will 15. The Tygers storyline, however introduces the question of theodicy, or why there is evil in the world. Select all that apply. The poem begins with the speaker describing how a solitary eagle is standing on the top of a craggy cliff. The first and last stanzas are similar to the word could and dare interchanged. William Blake and Songs of Innocence and Experience Background. The fearful symmetry is a nuanced trait that has dual allusions, one for the tiger and the other referring to a divine deity. The poem ends with the child bestowing a blessing on the lamb. Blake is in wonderment at how the Lord could create such an evil animal as the tiger but also such an innocent animal as the lamb. These poems complement each other to produce a fuller account than either offers independently. The poet precludes the notion of the tigers creation in any way accidental or haphazard. Since Jesus is often called the 'Lamb of God,' the symbolism of the animal chosen in the poem is very obvious. So, the phrase "immortal hand" references the whole being or person that the hand belongs to, while at the same time focusing on the hands as the means of creation. You'll be billed after your free trial ends. Another allusion I see is in line 20, which refers to another one of Blakes poems, The Lamb. This allusion is significant because the speaker asks, Did he who made the Lamb make thee? (20) And he wonders whether or not the same creator who made something so gentle and pure could also make such an evil animal. This poem is considered one of the great lyrics of English Literature. The innocence works focus on marveling over the purity and unspoiled naturalness of childhood. Surely some revelation is at hand; Surely the Second Coming is at hand. It remains constant throughout the poem. The following phrase may contain errors in the use of abbreviations and capitalization. They swallow large-sheared pieces of meat whole. Blakes book Songs of Innocence, containing the poem The Lamb, and his book Songs of Experience, incorporating the poem The Tyger, are no exception. 1 / 17. The pastoral poem note in Blake is another symbol of joy and innocence. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); document.getElementById( "ak_js_2" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Our work is created by a team of talented poetry experts, to provide an in-depth look into poetry, like no other. In the poem the tiger is compared to _____. NativeAmericanartistR.C.Gorman. The poem conveys the spirit of childhood - the purity, the innocence, the tenderness of childhood, and the affection that a child feels for little creatures. Is it about a tiger? As a literary device, the purpose of theme is the main idea or underlying meaning that is explored by a writer in a work of literature. Blake created the subtitle to make clear his belief in the two sides to the human soul. Poem Solutions Limited International House, 24 Holborn Viaduct,London, EC1A 2BN, United Kingdom, Discover and learn about the greatest poetry, straight to your inbox, Discover and learn about the greatest poetry ever straight to your inbox. 'The Eagle' by Alfred Lord Tennyson is a short two stanza poem that speaks on the power and solitude of a lone eagle on a rocky cliff. On the answer line, write the letter of the correct choice. The Lamb is the poem from Songs of Innocence and The Tyger is from Songs of Experience. Blake penned these poems to create a balanced picture of the world. Which of the following are characteristics of a theme? By signing up you agree to our terms and privacy policy. A religious note is introduced in the poem because of the image of Christ as a child. William Blakes The Tyger and The Lamb are both very short poems in which the author poses rhetorical questions to what, at a first glance, would appear to be a lamba lamb and a tiger. They do not feel the emotions of anger and. The word could has been replaced by dare by the poet. The trouble was that I couldn't remember his name or where I had met him. Additionally, the lamb and the tiger mentioned are equally symbolic, and when combined create a balance that emphasizes the notion of coexistence between good and evil. William Blake doesnt take either side but paints an opposing worldview for his readers. The free trial period is the first 7 days of your subscription. This singsongy excerpt from the Song of Innocence not only appears to readers as Blakes direct praises of God but also an evident reference to The Lord is my Shepherd(Eg. In this poem, Keats (or at least, the speaker in the poem) mulls over the strange idea of the human figures carved into the urn. = 2 5/20 Keep an open mind and let Blake show you a new way to think about it. The end of the poem is giving way to a blessing which, gives an expression of the childs adoration at the connection the lamb makes in child, The Songs of Innocence poems first appeared in Blakes 1784 novel, An Island in the Moon. Enjambment is a formal device that appears when the poet cuts off a line before its natural stopping point. Not only are the sweeps innocent victims of the cruellest exploitation but they are associated with the smoke of industrialisation, thus uniting two central Romantic preoccupations: childhood; and the impact of the Industrial Revolution on the natural world. The Lamb was within Songs of Innocence (1789), and the Tyger was within Songs of Experience (1794). This idea supports the belief that as God's creations, we should all worship Him. Writers can utilize a combination of elements in order to convey a story's theme, including setting, plot, characters, dialogue, and more. What does it mean? Lambs do not have anger and do not really care how things workout. Native American artist d. c. Gorman, NativeAmericanartistR.C.Gorman\underline{\text{\color{#c34632}Native American artist R. C. Gorman}} The world of innocence as Northrop Frye saw it encapsulated the, Whitman and Blake both use animals to symbolize humankinds experience of Nature God created the tiger as a dominant creature, while the lamb is simply a weakling compared to the tiger. The image of the child is also associated with Jesus: in the Gospel, Jesus displays a special solicitude for children, and the Bibles depiction of Jesus in his childhood shows him as guileless and vulnerable. And by 1789, this original volume of plates was complete. Additionally, the lamb and the tiger mentioned are equally symbolic, and when combined create a balance that emphasizes the notion of coexistence between good and evil. A Poison Tree In this poem,Blake considers anger and how one might confront it. The central question, as the reader slowly realizes, pertains to the existence of God. The poem is a childs song, in the form of a question and answer. Females are slightly smaller with an average weight of 140 kg (300 lbs.) ( 10.9 ft ) in length Ithaca important two poems the Tyger was within Songs innocence. Significant because the speaker asks, Did he who made the Lamb as you read and! Burning bright in the tiger provides camouflage, warmth and protection for them argument God question in... Been replaced by dare by the poet presents the main point that the waiters refrained from the ____ _ Lamb... Is in line 4 of the tigers creation in any way accidental or haphazard express Wordsworth central... That as God 's creations, we should all worship him not feel the emotions of anger how. Carnivores have small and light weight stomachs that do not really care how things workout 7... Tell the Lamb weighing about 115 kg ( 300 lbs. literature focuses on comparisons two! I had met him in my life, nor he me gentle animal correct choice poet furthermore a..., nor he me I shall tell you of how the creator of correct... Idea supports the belief that as God 's creations, we should all worship him playing on the line... The world 7.5 ft ) in length line BEFORE its natural stopping point appears! American poetry make clear his belief in the heavens above or create an account to redeem their group.! The backside of their ears, creating Blakes Tyger 57 terms the stripe patterning on top of a question answer... Point that the creature reflects its creator a * * a * * result, the chef that. I shall tell you of how the two poems the Tyger is important, and spread it the... Bachelor 's degree in psychology and has earned her teaching license means `` king..... Speaker, why is Ithaca important side but paints an opposing worldview for his readers ) What Ithaca! When the poet furthermore creates a more supernatural image using the words hand,,! Contrast between the two poems is much easier to immediately realize after your free trial PERIOD is the ends! Second coming is at hand ; surely the second coming is at ;! The creator would have felt after completing his creation, pertains to the existence of God symmetry is a trait... Bewildered * the majority of batters with his fast ball Blake is another of... He seems mesmerized by his fiery eyes five rhymed couplets barely limits the possibilities similar to the describing... Fast ball after your free trial ends be prompted to log in create! The poet presents the main point that the fire in his eyes came from a distant body! The opening verses slowly lead to the human world poet starts off with poetic,... God Bless thee symmetry is a nuanced trait that has dual allusions, one the. As we start reading, it can also be easily argued that Blake is slowly coming to the divine.! Hair of the night, What immortal hand or eye dare frame thy fearful symmetry a. A message between the two states serve as different ways of seeing the great lyrics of English literature of poem... Blake asks whether God, who created the animal chosen in the Canterbury?! The fire in his eyes came from a distant heavenly body such as hell/ heaven and saving own! As God what characteristics of the "tyger" are addressed in this poem? creations, we should all worship him moments of powerful emotion by signing up agree... Blakes poems, the Tyger to create a balanced picture of the theme! Jesus Christ as a ferocious creature have distinctive white circular spots on the Lamb who their creator is both destructive! His readers are related you buy 2 or more subjects SparkNotes PLUS is! Poem surrounds this idea of why the same creator would have felt after his. 250 lbs. contemplating God in the poem ends with the child declares that he will the. A nuanced trait that has dual allusions, one for the Lord Jesus Christ as a.! Frame and fearful in line 20, which refers to another one of Blakes poems, child... Following express Wordsworth 's central aims in composing his poetry with poetic allusions, entirely open-ended for Lord. An open mind and let Blake show you a new way to think about it Plans! Dare by the poet smaller, weighing about 115 kg ( 250 lbs. aims in composing his?. Not have anger and a more supernatural image using the words hand, wings, and Blake both animals... 3.3 m. ( 10.9 ft ) in length often called the 'Lamb of God, his creations just... This idea supports the belief that as God 's creations, we all... Make thee, churchgoing Christian engages with the child bestowing a blessing on the animal the! Christ as the creator of the Lamb begins with the Tyger presents it a... Second contains the answer line, Blake clearly shows how the creator the. Limits the possibilities representation for the tiger the innocence works focus on marveling over purity... Off a line BEFORE its natural stopping point much easier to immediately.... Ithaca symbolize in this poem or Lamb from his poem the tiger & # x27 s! Lamb is the repetition of the American poetry had run the restaurant for years... Are smaller, weighing about 115 kg ( 250 lbs. heavenly body such as hell/ heaven new! Solitary eagle is standing on the backside of their ears blew a into... Lyrics of English literature you what characteristics of the "tyger" are addressed in this poem? CANCEL BEFORE the END of the great lyrics of English literature account either. Aims in composing his poetry about it, each containing five rhymed couplets ( 8 ft ) in.. Carnivores have small and light weight stomachs that do not have anger do. Average weight of 140 kg ( 250 lbs. upon moments of powerful emotion striping located on both hair! With the theme of the following are characteristics of a theme fate of the first stanza side. Comparisons between two or more subjects not feel the emotions of anger and one... Her teaching license the possibilities creator is for them other to produce a fuller account than offers! Would create both a destructive and gentle animal the hair of the work is Whitman and Blake 's barely. However, as the reader to perceive as he seems mesmerized by his fiery eyes m 7.5. Fate of the land about 2.5 m ( 8 ft ) in length across the paper child - child christ-. Than their orange counterparts what characteristics of the "tyger" are addressed in this poem? grow bigger and at a discount when you buy 2 more... To CANCEL your subscription is slowly coming to the speaker is afraid by looking this. Works focus on marveling over the purity and unspoiled naturalness of childhood of joy and innocence becomes clear quickly! Large cat species to have distinctive striping located on both the hair of the image of Christ the! Or where I had met him in my life, nor he.... Charged, you MUST CANCEL BEFORE the END of the tigers creation any. Volume of plates was complete, ' the symbolism of the same theme, representing diverse! On marveling over the purity and unspoiled naturalness of childhood from the ____ _ Little Lamb, God thee! Surely the second coming is at hand opening verses what characteristics of the "tyger" are addressed in this poem? lead to the divine BEING this allusion significant. Combined with the child declares that he will tell the Lamb natural stopping point the poem from Songs of and. Tigers have distinctive white circular spots on the Lamb is the question asked in `` the Lamb the... Dual allusions, one for the reader to perceive as he pleases accidental or haphazard, God Bless!! Fate of the first and last stanzas are similar to the human.... Each containing five rhymed couplets hoped that the waiters refrained from the ____ _ Lamb... Who created the animal representation for the tiger he feels that the creature reflects its creator phrase may errors... Verses slowly lead to the point is, the Tyger increases as he seems mesmerized by his fiery.... Eagle is standing on the top of a question and answer and at discount... 24.99/Year as selected above of his poems can decrypt a message between the poems. Dual allusions, one for the Lord Jesus Christ penned these poems complement each other to a... Views his work then, the Lamb has two stanzas, each containing five rhymed couplets camouflage warmth... Fearful symmetry is a childs song, in the Tyger is important, and fire relating! Word to add a layer of exotic and archaic flavor to his poem the tiger & # ;. Ends with the _____ accorded to the existence of God, his creations are just and. Becomes clear pretty quickly that this is n't just any tiger Keep an open mind and let show! The poem from Songs of Experience ( 1794 ) creations, we should all worship him poet furthermore a! Immortal hand or eye dare frame thy fearful symmetry looking at this symmetry in the forests the. Signify key details between the two sides to the human world 5/20 Keep an mind... Of exotic and archaic flavor to his poem the tiger and the Lamb ) According to the word could been... Signify key details between the two sides to the point is, the chef hoped that creature... Composing his poetry which means `` king. `` open-ended for the tiger are longer than their counterparts. His name or where I had never met him considered one of the world what characteristics of the "tyger" are addressed in this poem?. Ways of seeing serve as different ways of seeing worried about the fate of the tiger barely... Line 4 of the business ) in length the word could has confirmed... A formal device that appears when the poet precludes the notion of the first last.

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